Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is defined as a spectrum of hereditary disorders affecting the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium, leading to progressive peripheral visual loss and night blindness. Retinitis pigmentosa is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and currently, many therapeutic challenges stand in the way of an approved therapy to stop degeneration and restore vision. pigmentosa, its underlying pathophysiology and the diagnostic steps taken by clinicians to recognise RP as well as the management of these patients.